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 1281 - 1345 (64 years)
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| Name |
Henry Plantagenet |
| Title |
Sir |
| Suffix |
3rd Earl of Lancaster and Leicester |
| Birth |
1281 |
Grosmont Castle, Monmouth, England  [1, 2, 3] |
| Gender |
Male |
| Death |
25 Mar 1345 [1] |
| Military |
Appointed Captain-General of all The King's Forces in The Marches of Scotland. [2] |
| Death |
22 Sep 1345 |
Leicester, Leicestershire, England [2, 3] |
| Burial |
Y [2] |
- at the Monastery of Canons...
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| Person ID |
I37052 |
The Hennessee Family |
| Last Modified |
5 Nov 2019 |
| Father |
Sir Edmund Crouchback, Prince of England, b. 16 Jan 1245, London, Middlesex, England d. 5 Jun 1296, Bayonne, Pyrennes-Atlantiques, France (Age 51 years) |
| Mother |
Blanche de Capet d'Artois, Queen of Navarre, Princess of France, b. 1245, Arras, Pas-de-Calais, France d. 2 May 1302, Paris, France (Age 57 years) |
| Marriage |
Bef 29 Oct 1275-6 |
Paris, France [2, 4, 5] |
| Family ID |
F13808 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Family |
Lady Maud Chaworth, b. 2 Feb 1282, Kidwelly, Carmarthenshire, Wales d. 3 Dec 1322, Montisfort, Hampshire, England (Age 40 years) |
| Marriage |
Bef 2 Mar 1297 [1, 2, 3, 6, 7] |
| Children |
| | 1. Sir Henry of Grosmont, Knight, 1st Duke of Lancaster, b. ~ 1310, Grosmont Castle, Grosmont, Monmouthshire, Wales d. 23 Mar 1361, Leicester Castle, Leicester, Leicestershire, England (Age ~ 51 years) |
| | 2. Lady Joan Plantagenet, Baroness Mowbray, b. ~ 1312, Norfolk, England d. 7 Jul 1349, Yorkshire, England (Age ~ 37 years) |
| | 3. Lady Eleanor Plantagenet, Countess of Arundel, b. 11 Sep 1318, Castle, Grosmont, Monmouth, Wales d. 11 Jan 1372, Arundel, West Sussex, England (Age 53 years) |
| | 4. Lady Mary Plantagenet, Baroness of Percy, b. 1319-1320, Tutbury Castle, Staffordshire, England d. 1 Sep 1362, Alnwick, Northumberland, England (Age 42 years) |
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| Family ID |
F13650 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Last Modified |
30 Apr 2023 |
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| Notes |
- Henry, 3rd Earl of Leicester and Lancaster (c. 1281 – 22 September 1345) was an English nobleman, one of the principals behind the deposition of Edward II of England.
Origins
He was the younger son of Edmund Crouchback, 1st Earl of Lancaster, Earl of Leicester,[1] who was a son of King Henry III by his wife Eleanor of Provence. Henry's mother was Blanche of Artois, Queen Dowager of Navarre.
Henry's elder brother Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster, succeeded their father in 1296, but Henry was summoned to Parliament on 6 February 1298/99 by writ directed to Henrico de Lancastre nepoti Regis ("Henry of Lancaster, nephew of the king", Edward I), by which he is held to have become Baron Lancaster. He took part in the Siege of Caerlaverock in July 1300.
Petition for succession and inheritance
After a period of longstanding opposition to King Edward II and his advisors, including joining two open rebellions, Henry's brother Thomas was convicted of treason, executed and had his lands and titles forfeited in 1322. Henry did not participate in his brother's rebellions; he later petitioned for his brother's lands and titles, and on 29 March 1324 he was invested as Earl of Leicester. A few years later, shortly after his accession in 1327, the young Edward III of England returned the earldom of Lancaster to him, along with other lordships such as that of Bowland.
Revenge
On the Queen's return to England in September 1326 with Roger Mortimer, 1st Earl of March, Henry joined her party against King Edward II, which led to a general desertion of the king's cause and overturned the power of Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester, and his namesake son Hugh the younger Despenser.
He was sent in pursuit and captured the king at Neath in South Wales. He was appointed to take charge of the king and was responsible for his custody at Kenilworth Castle.
Full restoration and reward[edit]
Henry was appointed "chief advisor" for the new king Edward III of England,[2] and was also appointed captain-general of all the king's forces in the Scottish Marches.[3] He was appointed High Sheriff of Lancashire in 1327. He also helped the young king to put an end to Mortimer's regency and tyranny, also had him declared a traitor and executed in 1330.
Loss of sight
In about the year 1330, he became blind.
Nickname
According to Froissart, he was nicknamed Wryneck, or Tort-col in French, possibly due to a medical condition.[citation needed]
Succession
He was succeeded as Earl of Lancaster and Leicester by his eldest son, Henry of Grosmont, who subsequently became Duke of Lancaster.
Issue[edit]
He married Maud Chaworth, before 2 March 1296/1297.[4]
Henry and Maud had seven children:
Henry, Earl of Derby, (about 1300–1360/61)
Blanche of Lancaster, (about 1305–1380) married Thomas Wake, 2nd Baron Wake of Liddell
Matilda of Lancaster, (about 1310–1377); married William de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster and had descendants.
Joan of Lancaster, (about 1312–1345); married John de Mowbray, 3rd Baron Mowbray and had descendants
Isabel of Lancaster, Abbess of Amesbury, (about 1317-after 1347)
Eleanor of Lancaster, (about 1318–1371/72) married (1) John De Beaumont and (2) 5 Feb. 1344/5, Richard FitzAlan, 10th Earl of Arundel and had descendants
Mary of Lancaster, (about 1320–1362), who married Henry de Percy, 3rd Baron Percy, and was the mother of Henry Percy, 1st Earl of Northumberland.
In about the year 1330, he became blind. [3]
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| Sources |
- [S51345] http://famouskin.com/princess_diana/_princess_diana_family_tree_ahnentafel.php?ahnum=4547266.
- [S51582] http://www.ourfamilyhistories.org/getperson.php?personID=I190062&tree=00.
- [S7160] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry,_3rd_Earl_of_Lancaster.
- [S14802] "Blanche of Artois (Basque: Blanka; c. 1248 – 2 May 1302)", Biography, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blanche_of_Artois,.
- [S9233] "Eleanor of Provence" biography, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleanor_of_Provence, retrieved March 17, 2016 by David A.
- [S7171] "Henry, 3rd Earl of Leicester and Lancaster (c. 1281 - 22 September 1345) Biography",.
- [S7510] "William Brereton (1506- ?)" Pedigree & 9-Generation Ahnentafel, cited on "Our Family Histories", August 24, 2015, http:.
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