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 1164 - 1200 (~ 36 years)
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| Name |
Roland of Galloway |
| Title |
Sir |
| Suffix |
Lord of Galloway |
| Birth |
~1164 |
(Galloway, Scotland)  [1, 2, 3] |
| Gender |
Male |
| Death |
12 Dec 1200 |
Northampton, Northamptonshire, England [1, 2] |
| Burial |
Northampton, Northamptonshire, England [1] |
| Person ID |
I45637 |
The Hennessee Family |
| Last Modified |
25 Sep 2019 |
| Father |
Uhtred of Galloway, Lord of Galloway, b. ~ 1120, (Galloway, Scotland) d. 22 Sep 1174, (Galloway, Scotland) (Age ~ 54 years) |
| Mother |
Gunhilda of Dunbar, b. 1134, Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland d. 12 May 1166, Dunbar, East Lothian, Scotland (Age 32 years) |
| Marriage |
(Dunbar, Scotland) [4, 5] |
| Family ID |
F16661 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Family |
Helen de Morville, b. ~1166, Kirkoswald, Cumberland, England d. Aft 11 Jun 1217, Kircudbright, Kirkcudbrightshire, Scotland (Age ~ 50 years) |
| Marriage |
Bef 1185 |
Kirkoswald, Cumberland, England [1, 2, 4] |
| Children |
|
| Family ID |
F16660 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Last Modified |
30 Apr 2023 |
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| Notes |
- Biography
Known in his youth as Lachlan, his preference in adulthood for being known as Roland, the Norman-French equivalent of Lachlan, symbolizes the spread of foreign influences into Galloway which followed the overthrow in 1160 of his grandfather, Fergus of Galloway. Military conquest by Malcolm IV had replaced loose Scottish overlordship with rigorous supervision; royal officials were established in territories bordering Galloway, and Roland's father, and his uncle, Gilbert, between whom Galloway had been divided, were encouraged to settle colonists to meet new obligations due to the crown. This regime held until 1174, when King William the Lion was captured during his invasion of England in support of Henry II's rebellious eldest son. Uhtred and Gilbert, who had served in William's army, seized this opportunity to throw off Scottish overlordship and, having returned to Galloway, they attacked William's officers and appealed to their kinsman, Henry II of England. Revolt turned into civil war as rivalries between the brothers surfaced, and in September 1174 Gilbert murdered Uhtred. An English embassy negotiated terms, but, despite an offer of substantial tribute, when he learned of his kinsman's murder Henry II refused to make terms with Gilbert, and in 1175 sent the now-freed King William to subdue him. Supported by the Scots and by Uhtred's friends, Roland regained control of eastern Galloway, possibly as early as October 1176, when his uncle submitted to Henry II. Despite his continued open hostility to the Scots, Gilbert thereafter retained possession of western Galloway under English protection.
After 1174 Roland forged links with the Scottish crown. On his uncle's death in 1185, he enjoyed tacit Scottish encouragement for his takeover of Gilbert's lands and disinheritance of the latter's son, Duncan, in defiance of the wishes of King Henry, who in 1186 brought an army as far as Carlisle in an effort to subdue Roland. In a negotiated settlement, Roland swore homage and fealty to Henry II, but he was William's man. By 1187 he was active in the Scottish king's service, leading the force which defeated the MacWilliam pretender to the Scottish throne at ?Mam Garvia?, near Inverness. Between about 1187 and 1190 he was appointed justiciar, possibly to restore royal authority in southwestern Scotland.
Under Roland the Anglo-Norman infiltration of Galloway gained pace. His few surviving charters show him introducing members of his kin, mainly from Cumbria, to assist in his establishment of control over the reunited lordship, while the church, too, was cultivated in a move to consolidate his position. His foundation c.1192 of Glenluce Abbey in Wigtownshire, a daughter house of Dundrennan, saw the establishment of a friendly community in the heart of his uncle's former estates. But there is no evidence to support the view that he swept aside the native nobility to make room for dependent incomers, and it is clear that his family's power continued to rest on the support of the Celtic aristocracy.
Roland's horizons, however, had shifted beyond the confines of Galloway and, while still enjoying the relative independence of his patrimony, he moved at ease into the ranks of the Scottish nobility. The Morville marriage facilitated this trend. On the death in 1196 of his brother-in-law William, the Morville estates in Scotland and England devolved, with the office of constable, on Roland and his wife. There is little evidence for Roland's exercise of office, but it is likely that his attendance at Lincoln in November 1200, when King William the Lion swore fealty to King John for his English lands, depended on his position as constable and justiciar. From Lincoln Roland continued to Northampton, where he opened a lawsuit concerning a portion of his wife's inheritance, but on 19 December he died in the town and was buried there in the abbey of St Andrew.
Sources
Ancestral Roots F.L. Weis 8th ed. 2004 Line 38-25
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
This person was created through the import of DR fam 9.ged on 14 September 2010.
WikiTree profile Galloway-252 created through the import of SRW 7th July 2011.ged on Jul 7, 2011 by Stephen Wilkinson.
WikiTree profile De Galloway-29 created through the import of Durrell Family Tree.ged on Jul 4, 2011 by Pamela Durrell.
WikiTree profile DeGalloway-10 created through the import of WILLIAMS 2011.GED on Jun 22, 2011 by Ted Williams.
WikiTree profile De GALLOWAY-24 created through the import of FAMILY 6162011.GED on Jun 20, 2011 by Michael Stephenson.
WikiTree profile Galloway-290 created through the import of wikitree.ged on Aug 1, 2011 by Abby Brown.
This person was created through the import of Stout - Trask - Cowan .ged on 19 April 2011.
end of this biography [3]
- Lochlann (or Lachlan) (died December 12, 1200), also known by his French name Roland, was the son and successor of Uchtred, Lord of Galloway as the "Lord" or "sub-king" of eastern Galloway.
After the death of his uncle Gille Brigte in 1185, Lochlann went about to seize the land of Gille Brigte's heirs. In this aim he had to defeat the men who would defy his authority in the name of Gille Brigte's heir. He seems to have done so, defeating the resistors, who were led by men called Gille Pâatraic and Henric Cennâedig. Yet resistance continued under a warrior called Gille Coluim of Galloway.
Lochlann's aims moreover encouraged the wrath of a more important political figure that any of the above. King Henry II of England was outraged. A few years before Gille Brigte's death, Henry had taken his son and successor Donnchad as a hostage. Hence Henry was the patron and protector of the man Lochlann was trying to disinherit. When King William of Scotland was ordered to visit Henry in southern England, William was told that Lochlann must be stopped. However, William and Lochlann were friends, and so in the end Henry himself brought an army to Carlisle, and threatened to invade unless Lochlann would submit to his judgment. Lochlann did so. As it transpired, Lochlann kept most of Galloway, and Donnchad was given the new "Mormaerdom" of Carrick in compensation.
More than any previous Lord of Galloway, he was the loyal man and vassal of the King of Scotland. After all, he owed his lands to the positive influence of King William. Whereas Lochlann's grandfather, Fergus had called himself King of Galloway, Lochlann's favorite title was "Constable of the King of Scots".
Lochlann had led William's armies north into Moireabh against the pretender Domnall mac Uilleim, who claimed the Scottish throne as a grandson of King Donnchad II of Scotland. Lochlann defeated him in 1187 at the Battle of Mam Garvia, a mysterious location probably near Dingwall.
Lochlann, unlike his uncle Gille Brigte, welcomed French and English colonization into his eastern lands. In this, he was following his overlord, King William I of Scotland. Of all the Lords of Galloway, Lochlann is the least mentioned in the Gaelic annals, suggesting that he had lost touch somewhat with his background in the world of greater Irish Sea Gaeldom.
In 1200, he was in the company of King William in England, who was giving homage to the new king, John. Lochlann used the opportunity to make legal proceeding in Northampton regarding the property claims of his wife, Helena, daughter and heiress of Richard de Morville. It was here that he met his death and was buried. Lochlann and Helena had a son Alan, who succeeded to Galloway.
end of this biography [1]
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| Sources |
- [S9296] "Lochlann of Galloway" biography, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lochlann_of_Galloway, retrieved March 20, 2016 by David.
- [S14610] "Eve Amabilia de Galloway (1215-1280)", Profile, Ancestors & Descendants, select the "Ancestor" tab, https://www.wikitre.
- [S14611] "Sir Roland Lachlan, Lord of Galloway, Constable of Scotland 1189-1200", Biography, Ancestors, Descendants, select the ".
- [S9288] "Alan of Galloway" biography, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_of_Galloway, retrieved March 20, 2016 by David A. Henne.
- [S9295] "Uhtred of Galloway" biography, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uhtred_of_Galloway, retrieved March 20, 2016 by David A. H.
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