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 1338 - 1368 (29 years)
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| Name |
Lionel of Antwerp |
| Title |
Sir |
| Suffix |
Knight, 1st Duke of Clarence |
| Birth |
29 Nov 1338 |
Antwerp, Belgium  [1, 2, 3] |
| Gender |
Male |
| Death |
17 Oct 1368 |
Alba, Italy [1, 3] |
- in the Alba Longa region...
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| Burial |
Clare Priory, Suffolk, England [1, 3] |
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| Person ID |
I37423 |
The Hennessee Family |
| Last Modified |
7 Dec 2016 |
| Father |
Edward III, King of England, b. 13 Nov 1312, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England d. 21 Jun 1377, Richmond Palace, London, England (Age 64 years) |
| Mother |
Philippa of Hainaut, Queen of England, b. 1312-1314, Mons, Hainaut, Belgium, Netherlands d. 15 Aug 1369, Windsor Castle, Windsor, Berkshire, England (Age 55 years) |
| Marriage |
24 Jan 1328 |
York Minster, York, East Riding, Yorkshire, England [4, 5] |
| Family ID |
F13841 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Family |
Lady Elizabeth de Burgh, Duchess of Clarence, b. Abt 1338, Carrickfergus Castle, Carrickfergus, Antrim, Ireland d. 0Dec 1363, Dublin, Leinster, Ireland (Age ~ 25 years) |
| Marriage |
9 Sep 1342 |
Tower Hill, London, England [1, 2, 3] |
| Children |
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| Family ID |
F13849 |
Group Sheet | Family Chart |
| Last Modified |
30 Apr 2023 |
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| Notes |
- Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, jure uxoris 4th Earl of Ulster and 5th Baron of Connaught, KG (Norman: Leonell Duc de Clarence; 29 November 1338 – 7 October 1368) was the third son, but the second son to survive infancy, of Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He was named for his birthplace, at Antwerp in the Duchy of Brabant.[1] Prince Lionel was born of a Flemish mother and was a grandson of William I, Count of Hainaut. He grew to be nearly seven feet in height and had an athletic build.[2][3]
First marriage
Betrothed as a child to Elizabeth de Burgh, 4th Countess of Ulster (died 1363), daughter and heiress of William Donn de Burgh, 3rd Earl of Ulster, he was married to her in 1352, but before this date he had entered into possession of her great Irish inheritance. He was called Earl of Ulster from 1347.[4]
Ireland
Having been named as his father's representative in England in 1345 and again in 1346, Lionel joined an expedition into France in 1355, but his chief energies were reserved for the affairs of Ireland.[4]
Appointed governor of that country, he landed at Dublin in 1361, and in November of the following year was created Duke of Clarence, the third dukedom created in England, while his father made an abortive attempt to secure for him the crown of Scotland. His efforts to secure an effective authority over his Irish lands were only moderately successful. After holding a parliament at Kilkenny, which passed the celebrated Statute of Kilkenny in 1366, he dropped the task in disgust and returned to England.[4]
The poet Geoffrey Chaucer was at one time a page in Lionel's household.[4]
Second marriage
After Lionel's first wife Elizabeth died in 1363, a second marriage was arranged with Violante Visconti, daughter of Galeazzo Visconti, lord of Pavia. Journeying to fetch his bride, Lionel was received in great state both in France and Italy and was married to Violante at Milan in June 1368. Some months were then spent in festivities, during which Lionel was taken ill at Alba, where he died on 7 October 1368.[4] There was strong speculation at the time that he had been poisoned by his father-in-law,[5] although this has never been proven.
Issue
Lionel had only one child, Philippa, daughter of his first wife Elizabeth. In 1368 she married Edmund Mortimer, 3rd Earl of March. Their granddaughter and eventual heir, Anne Mortimer, married into the Yorkist branch of the English royal family and was the mother of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York. The House of York based its claim to the English throne on this line of descent from Lionel, who was the eldest son of King Edward III to establish a lasting blood line (Edward's first-born son, the Black Prince, had no legitimate descendants past his two sons Edward of Angoulăeme and King Richard II).[4] Lionel was the ancestor of Kings Edward IV, Edward V, Richard III and all later British monarchs beginning with Henry VIII (in other words, all later British monarchs except for Henry VII, whose wife Elizabeth of York was his descendant).
Ancestry
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[show]Ancestors of Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence [3]
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